SHAPE UP |
Warning: If you have an aversion to your body's waste, don't read any further. However, if you're like most people, you're probably interested in what your stool can tell you about your diet and your health. Who better to tell us a bit about our poo than Dr. Anish Sheth, a gastroenterology fellow at the Yale School of Medicine and the co-author of the bestseller "What's Your Poo Telling You?" (Chronicle Books, 2007). Here are a few diet situations and how they affect your poo:
Anti-diet: white toast, no fruits or veggies (no fiber)
A lack of fiber causes infrequent, hard stools that require straining during defecation ("logjam"). Fiber, both insoluble and soluble forms, is vital to soften the stool and aid in its effortless passage through the GI tract. Low-fiber diets produce dry, pebbly stools and, in severe cases, can result in fecal impaction — a condition in which stool forms a rock-hard plug that prohibits passage of any stool at all.
Plant eater: steamed broccoli, tofu burger, apple and asparagus
Vegetarians tend to eat balanced diets high in fiber. The good news is that their stools are frequent (sometimes up to three times a day) and soft in consistency, making trips to the loo satisfying. The downside can be the formation of gas. Because our bodies are unable to digest many of the plant products we consume, these substances undergo fermentation by the bacteria in our colons. The formation of carbon dioxide causes bloating and excessive flatus production but is otherwise harmless. Vegetarian flatus, and feces for that matter, tend not to smell as bad as carnivore-produced waste.
CARNIVORE'S DELIGHT: BIG ORDER OF PRIME RIB
When red meat gets digested, it produces compounds called mercaptans. These are sulfur-containing molecules that lend feces and flatus their rancid odor and account for the general notion that red meat consumption produces a particularly rancid-smelling poo. Another interesting, but now mainly outdated fact, is that consuming red meat before a doctor tests your stool for blood can make it look like you are bleeding. Older stool tests could not differentiate animal hemoglobin (found in red meat) from human blood. Newer, more sophisticated tests do not have the same difficulty. Incidentally, population studies have linked diets high in red meat with higher rates of colon cancer.
PLOP PLOP, FIZZ FIZZ: SPICY GUMBO AND JAMBALAYA SHRIMP, HOT CHICKEN WINGS
Spicy food may taste good going in, but its exit is not always as pleasant. The very last portion of the anal region is lined by the same type of cells that line the mouth. This means that buffalo wings can sometimes burn just as much on the way out as on the way in. Spicy foods, in general, serve as irritants to the GI tract (stomach, small intestine, large intestine) and can speed up the passage of material through the digestive system. The result can be watery stool, occasionally red in color (depending on the ingredients added to the sauce), that exits with a bang — I mean a burn.
FIBER EVERYTHING: BRAN CEREAL, WHOLE-GRAIN BREAD, POPCORN, BLACK BEANS, BROWN RICE
Pure bliss. This diet maximizes your chances of achieving "poo-phoria." There is no such thing as eating too much fiber (although you may feel bloated and pass flatus more than the average person). Fiber has the ability to retain water and lends stool its cohesiveness and pillowy softness. It also lubricates the inside of the colon, nourishing colonic cells and creating a friction-free environment for contents traveling down the GI tract. The main caveat here is to drink a lot of water. Consuming fiber without water can actually cause your stools to become harder by adding bulk but not moisture.
CELEBRATION NIGHT: MOJITOS AND COSMOPOLITANS GALORE (ALCOHOL)
With DADS (Day-After-Drinking Stool), it's liquid in, liquid out. Alcohol is a gastrointestinal stimulant, a direct irritant to the lining of the intestine that speeds up passage and causes diarrhea. Some drinks are worse than others (malt liquor being particularly potent). Stool comes out in liquid form, usually normal in color/smell and occasionally with excess mucus. There is no antidote for the GI tract — although drinking clear liquor (such as gin or vodka) may be less problematic and definitely causes fewer hangover symptoms.
GREASE BALL: FRIES, PIZZA, BACON, FRIED EGGS AND FRIED CHICKEN (FRIED FOODS)
As long as your pancreas, liver, bile ducts and intestines are working properly, fatty foods should be tolerated just fine. Visible fatty/oily stools that smell horrendous, are yellow, float and require multiple flushes usually indicate a problem with fat digestion. Other than that, fatty foods tend to give us a sensation of satiety, or "feeling full." This may be due to release of certain hormones that affect the brain and also due to the longer time fatty food remains in the stomach (fats take longer than proteins or carbs to empty from the stomach).
Gulp and rush: You grab a 60-second meal and are always on the run. Eating quickly (depending on what you eat) and/or not chewing completely has little effect on the stool but can presumably worsen symptoms of acid reflux and indigestion by causing rapid distention of the stomach and refluxing of contents into the esophagus.
Charles Stuart Platkin is a nutrition and public-health advocate, and author of "Breaking the FAT Pattern" (Plume, 2006). Sign up for the free Diet Detective newsletter at www.dietdetective.com.